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- Path: dlmlap.supra.com!dan
- From: dan@supra.com (Dan Moore)
- Newsgroups: comp.dcom.modems
- Subject: Re: Supra will offer upgrade to 33.6!
- Date: Mon, 26 Feb 1996 16:37:26 GMT
- Organization: Supra Corporation
- Message-ID: <dan.890.3131E1C6@supra.com>
- References: <312172b0.302209@uchinews.uchicago.edu> <4ftaot$rpc@shellx.best.com> <31226a7d.63749347@uchinews.uchicago.edu> <4g182k$1mu2@navajo.gate.net> <31243778.561299@uchinews.uchicago.edu> <4g3t66$26um@hopi.gate.net> <dan.878.312C8AD9@supra.com>
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- In article <4gl4d7$1nss@seminole.gate.net> dhaire@gate.net (doug haire) writes:
- >Dan Moore (dan@supra.com) wrote:
- >: The default setting is %E0 (do not initiate retrains based on line
- >: conditions) and %G1 (do initiate rate renegotiations based on line
- >: conditions). This is exactly what you want the modem to do, quickly adjust
- >: the data rate to match the current line conditions. Retrains are slow (eight
- >: or more seconds), rate renegotiations are relatively fast (hundreds of
- >: milliseconds with a max of around two seconds). So the default setup
- >: provides rate renegotiations instead of retrains.
- >However, is there not a time when a retrain is important to do? And why
- >would you restrict your own modem from doing this, leaving it dependent
- >upon the remote modem to be one that does NOT restrict this?
- >If there is no time that this would be useful, why is it an option at all?
-
- In V.34 a retrain causes a full line reprobe and can choose a new
- symbol rate, carrier frequency, pre-emphases filter, etc. based on the current
- line bandwidth, SNR, near and far echo levels and echo delays. This is the
- same analysis that is done when a connection is first made, and it can take as
- long (or longer) than the initial training sequence. A retrain is the only
- way to change the symbol rate of a connection.
-
- In V.34 a rate renegotiation is simply a change in the bits per symbol
- without changing the symbol rate. This is a very quick change since no
- probing, etc. is done. When a modem initiates a rate renegotiation there is
- no requirement that the remote modem accept the rate change, during the
- parameter exchange it can refuse to change the rate. Typically modems always
- accept rate renegotiations downward and may refuse rate renegotiations upwards
- if the current EQM is too high. If a rate renegotiation fails (ie. the remote
- modem doesn't respond at all) a retrain will occur instead.
-
- The protocols that support rate renegotiation (V.32bis, VFC and V.34)
- all require a modem to follow a remote rate renegotiation request. So no
- matter how the local modem is configured to do rate changes if the remote
- modem initiates a rate renegotiation the local modem must respond to it. If
- the remote modem uses a retrain to change data rates the local modem must
- respond to that also.
-
- During a call it is fairly common for the SNR to change. As it
- changes the modems will initiate rate renegotiations up or down as needed. It
- is fairly rare for the bandwidth or echo level to change during a call, so
- there typically is no need to initiate a retrain. (NOTE: Without reprobing
- the line there is no way to tell if the bandwidh, echo levels, echo delay,
- etc. have changed. So the only way to tell for sure that a retrain is needed
- is by reprobing the line, which only happens during a retrain...)
-
- During a connection the modem monitors the EQM, if the EQM stays below
- a "good" threshold for a period of time (set by S190) the modem will attempt
- to increase the data rate via a retrain or rate renegotiation (based on %E and
- %G settings). If the EQM exceeds a "bad" threshold the modem will attempt to
- lower the data rate via a retrain or rate renegotiation (again based on %E and
- %G). If the EQM exceeds a "retrain" threshold the modem will initiate a
- retrain no matter how %E and %G are set. The "good", "bad" and "retrain"
- thresholds vary with the connection protocol (V.32/V.32bis/VFC/V.34) and with
- the data rate.
-
- As far as I know all commercial V.34 modems default to using rate
- renegotiations to change data rates instead of using retrains.
-
- The option to do a retrain instead of a rate renegotiation is there
- for historic reasons. V.32 does not support rate renegotiations to change
- data rate, only retrains. This lead to the %E command to enable/disable
- rate changes via retrains. V.32bis added rate renegotations as a way to
- change the data rate, so the %G command was added to enable/disable rate
- changes via rate renegotiations. (NOTE: In a V.32 connection rate changes
- are done with retrains when %G1 is set to enable rate renegotions based on
- line quality.)
-
- The %E and %G commands are really of limited use since the best
- preformance is achieved by simply taking the factory default settings (&F
- sets %E0, %G1). The commands are still present since many programs have
- really old init strings that contain them. These programs issue an AT&F2 and
- then proceed to set all the settings that the &F2 had set. The additional
- commands achieve nothing except making the init string longer.
-
-
- --
- Dan Moore
- Supra
-
-